Possible symptoms
- Sore throat, difficulty swallowing, scratching or burning in the throat
- Coated or reddened tonsils, bad breath, fever
- Recurrent tonsillitis several times a year
- Hoarseness, a weak voice or a voice that tires quickly
- Constant throat clearing, globus sensation (a lump in the throat)
- Voice problems with professional voice use
When an ENT assessment makes sense
An appointment is sensible for hoarseness lasting longer than about three weeks, for recurrent tonsillitis, for one-sided sore throat, for palpable lumps in the neck, or when complaints do not settle despite treatment.
Difficulty breathing, inability to swallow or to keep saliva down, muffled speech with high fever or rapidly increasing swelling of the neck need immediate help — in an emergency call 144 (112 across the EU).
How the examination works
After a history covering duration, course, fever, voice use, smoking and reflux, the mouth, throat, tonsils and neck are examined, including palpation of the lymph nodes.
For voice complaints the larynx is assessed, usually by magnifying or flexible endoscopy. If a bacterial infection is suspected, a swab or rapid test may be useful; unclear findings lead to referral for further diagnostics.
Treatment options
Viral throat infections are managed symptomatically, with pain relief, sufficient fluids and rest. Antibiotics are considered only where the findings and a justified suspicion of bacterial infection support it.
For voice problems, voice rest, speech therapy or treatment of contributing factors such as reflux or allergies can be discussed. With frequently recurring tonsillitis it is reviewed whether surgical assessment in a hospital is appropriate.